linux.git/kernel/trace/trace.c, branch v6.12.80

tracing: Add recursion protection in kernel stack trace recording

2026-03-25T10:08:44+00:00

[ Upstream commit 5f1ef0dfcb5b7f4a91a9b0e0ba533efd9f7e2cdb ]

A bug was reported about an infinite recursion caused by tracing the rcu
events with the kernel stack trace trigger enabled. The stack trace code
called back into RCU which then called the stack trace again.

Expand the ftrace recursion protection to add a set of bits to protect
events from recursion. Each bit represents the context that the event is
in (normal, softirq, interrupt and NMI).

Have the stack trace code use the interrupt context to protect against
recursion.

Note, the bug showed an issue in both the RCU code as well as the tracing
stacktrace code. This only handles the tracing stack trace side of the
bug. The RCU fix will be handled separately.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260102122807.7025fc87@gandalf.local.home/

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Cc: Joel Fernandes 
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" 
Cc: Boqun Feng 
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105203141.515cd49f@gandalf.local.home
Reported-by: Yao Kai 
Tested-by: Yao Kai 
Fixes: 5f5fa7ea89dc ("rcu: Don't use negative nesting depth in __rcu_read_unlock()")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Leon Chen 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tracing: Fix trace_buf_size= cmdline parameter with sizes >= 2G

2026-03-25T10:08:37+00:00

commit d008ba8be8984760e36d7dcd4adbd5a41a645708 upstream.

Some of the sizing logic through tracer_alloc_buffers() uses int
internally, causing unexpected behavior if the user passes a value that
does not fit in an int (on my x86 machine, the result is uselessly tiny
buffers).

Fix by plumbing the parameter's real type (unsigned long) through to the
ring buffer allocation functions, which already use unsigned long.

It has always been possible to create larger ring buffers via the sysfs
interface: this only affects the cmdline parameter.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/bff42a4288aada08bdf74da3f5b67a2c28b761f8.1772852067.git.calvin@wbinvd.org
Fixes: 73c5162aa362 ("tracing: keep ring buffer to minimum size till used")
Signed-off-by: Calvin Owens 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tracing: Fix WARN_ON in tracing_buffers_mmap_close

2026-03-13T16:20:35+00:00

commit e39bb9e02b68942f8e9359d2a3efe7d37ae6be0e upstream.

When a process forks, the child process copies the parent's VMAs but the
user_mapped reference count is not incremented. As a result, when both the
parent and child processes exit, tracing_buffers_mmap_close() is called
twice. On the second call, user_mapped is already 0, causing the function to
return -ENODEV and triggering a WARN_ON.

Normally, this isn't an issue as the memory is mapped with VM_DONTCOPY set.
But this is only a hint, and the application can call
madvise(MADVISE_DOFORK) which resets the VM_DONTCOPY flag. When the
application does that, it can trigger this issue on fork.

Fix it by incrementing the user_mapped reference count without re-mapping
the pages in the VMA's open callback.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Cc: Vincent Donnefort 
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes 
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260227025842.1085206-1-wangqing7171@gmail.com
Fixes: cf9f0f7c4c5bb ("tracing: Allow user-space mapping of the ring-buffer")
Reported-by: syzbot+3b5dd2030fe08afdf65d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=3b5dd2030fe08afdf65d
Tested-by: syzbot+3b5dd2030fe08afdf65d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Qing Wang 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tracing: Fix to set write permission to per-cpu buffer_size_kb

2026-03-04T12:21:56+00:00

[ Upstream commit f844282deed7481cf2f813933229261e27306551 ]

Since the per-cpu buffer_size_kb file is writable for changing
per-cpu ring buffer size, the file should have the write access
permission.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/177071301597.2293046.11683339475076917920.stgit@mhiramat.tok.corp.google.com
Fixes: 21ccc9cd7211 ("tracing: Disable "other" permission bits in the tracefs files")
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

tracing: Fix WARN_ON in tracing_buffers_mmap_close for split VMAs

2025-12-06T21:24:58+00:00

commit b042fdf18e89a347177a49e795d8e5184778b5b6 upstream.

When a VMA is split (e.g., by partial munmap or MAP_FIXED), the kernel
calls vm_ops->close on each portion. For trace buffer mappings, this
results in ring_buffer_unmap() being called multiple times while
ring_buffer_map() was only called once.

This causes ring_buffer_unmap() to return -ENODEV on subsequent calls
because user_mapped is already 0, triggering a WARN_ON.

Trace buffer mappings cannot support partial mappings because the ring
buffer structure requires the complete buffer including the meta page.

Fix this by adding a may_split callback that returns -EINVAL to prevent
VMA splits entirely.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: cf9f0f7c4c5bb ("tracing: Allow user-space mapping of the ring-buffer")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251119064019.25904-1-kartikey406@gmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=a72c325b042aae6403c7
Tested-by: syzbot+a72c325b042aae6403c7@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+a72c325b042aae6403c7@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Deepanshu Kartikey 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tracing: Silence warning when chunk allocation fails in trace_pid_write

2025-09-19T14:35:44+00:00

[ Upstream commit cd4453c5e983cf1fd5757e9acb915adb1e4602b6 ]

Syzkaller trigger a fault injection warning:

WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 12326 at tracepoint_add_func+0xbfc/0xeb0
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 12326 Comm: syz.6.10325 Tainted: G U 6.14.0-rc5-syzkaller #0
Tainted: [U]=USER
Hardware name: Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine
RIP: 0010:tracepoint_add_func+0xbfc/0xeb0 kernel/tracepoint.c:294
Code: 09 fe ff 90 0f 0b 90 0f b6 74 24 43 31 ff 41 bc ea ff ff ff
RSP: 0018:ffffc9000414fb48 EFLAGS: 00010283
RAX: 00000000000012a1 RBX: ffffffff8e240ae0 RCX: ffffc90014b78000
RDX: 0000000000080000 RSI: ffffffff81bbd78b RDI: 0000000000000001
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffffffffffffffef
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: dffffc0000000000 R15: ffffffff81c264f0
FS:  00007f27217f66c0(0000) GS:ffff8880b8700000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000001b2e80dff8 CR3: 00000000268f8000 CR4: 00000000003526f0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Call Trace:
 
 tracepoint_probe_register_prio+0xc0/0x110 kernel/tracepoint.c:464
 register_trace_prio_sched_switch include/trace/events/sched.h:222 [inline]
 register_pid_events kernel/trace/trace_events.c:2354 [inline]
 event_pid_write.isra.0+0x439/0x7a0 kernel/trace/trace_events.c:2425
 vfs_write+0x24c/0x1150 fs/read_write.c:677
 ksys_write+0x12b/0x250 fs/read_write.c:731
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x250 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

We can reproduce the warning by following the steps below:
1. echo 8 >> set_event_notrace_pid. Let tr->filtered_pids owns one pid
   and register sched_switch tracepoint.
2. echo ' ' >> set_event_pid, and perform fault injection during chunk
   allocation of trace_pid_list_alloc. Let pid_list with no pid and
assign to tr->filtered_pids.
3. echo ' ' >> set_event_pid. Let pid_list is NULL and assign to
   tr->filtered_pids.
4. echo 9 >> set_event_pid, will trigger the double register
   sched_switch tracepoint warning.

The reason is that syzkaller injects a fault into the chunk allocation
in trace_pid_list_alloc, causing a failure in trace_pid_list_set, which
may trigger double register of the same tracepoint. This only occurs
when the system is about to crash, but to suppress this warning, let's
add failure handling logic to trace_pid_list_set.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20250908024658.2390398-1-pulehui@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: 8d6e90983ade ("tracing: Create a sparse bitmask for pid filtering")
Reported-by: syzbot+161412ccaeff20ce4dde@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/67cb890e.050a0220.d8275.022e.GAE@google.com
Signed-off-by: Pu Lehui 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

tracing: Fix tracing_marker may trigger page fault during preempt_disable

2025-09-19T14:35:43+00:00

[ Upstream commit 3d62ab32df065e4a7797204a918f6489ddb8a237 ]

Both tracing_mark_write and tracing_mark_raw_write call
__copy_from_user_inatomic during preempt_disable. But in some case,
__copy_from_user_inatomic may trigger page fault, and will call schedule()
subtly. And if a task is migrated to other cpu, the following warning will
be trigger:
        if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer,
                       !local_read(&cpu_buffer->committing)))

An example can illustrate this issue:

process flow						CPU
---------------------------------------------------------------------

tracing_mark_raw_write():				cpu:0
   ...
   ring_buffer_lock_reserve():				cpu:0
      ...
      cpu = raw_smp_processor_id()			cpu:0
      cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]			cpu:0
      ...
   ...
   __copy_from_user_inatomic():				cpu:0
      ...
      # page fault
      do_mem_abort():					cpu:0
         ...
         # Call schedule
         schedule()					cpu:0
	 ...
   # the task schedule to cpu1
   __buffer_unlock_commit():				cpu:1
      ...
      ring_buffer_unlock_commit():			cpu:1
	 ...
	 cpu = raw_smp_processor_id()			cpu:1
	 cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]		cpu:1

As shown above, the process will acquire cpuid twice and the return values
are not the same.

To fix this problem using copy_from_user_nofault instead of
__copy_from_user_inatomic, as the former performs 'access_ok' before
copying.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20250819105152.2766363-1-luogengkun@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: 656c7f0d2d2b ("tracing: Replace kmap with copy_from_user() in trace_marker writing")
Signed-off-by: Luo Gengkun 
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

ftrace: Fix potential warning in trace_printk_seq during ftrace_dump

2025-09-04T13:31:43+00:00

[ Upstream commit 4013aef2ced9b756a410f50d12df9ebe6a883e4a ]

When calling ftrace_dump_one() concurrently with reading trace_pipe,
a WARN_ON_ONCE() in trace_printk_seq() can be triggered due to a race
condition.

The issue occurs because:

CPU0 (ftrace_dump)                              CPU1 (reader)
echo z > /proc/sysrq-trigger

!trace_empty(&iter)
trace_iterator_reset(&iter) <- len = size = 0
                                                cat /sys/kernel/tracing/trace_pipe
trace_find_next_entry_inc(&iter)
  __find_next_entry
    ring_buffer_empty_cpu <- all empty
  return NULL

trace_printk_seq(&iter.seq)
  WARN_ON_ONCE(s->seq.len >= s->seq.size)

In the context between trace_empty() and trace_find_next_entry_inc()
during ftrace_dump, the ring buffer data was consumed by other readers.
This caused trace_find_next_entry_inc to return NULL, failing to populate
`iter.seq`. At this point, due to the prior trace_iterator_reset, both
`iter.seq.len` and `iter.seq.size` were set to 0. Since they are equal,
the WARN_ON_ONCE condition is triggered.

Move the trace_printk_seq() into the if block that checks to make sure the
return value of trace_find_next_entry_inc() is non-NULL in
ftrace_dump_one(), ensuring the 'iter.seq' is properly populated before
subsequent operations.

Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: Mark Rutland 
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20250822033343.3000289-1-wutengda@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: d769041f8653 ("ring_buffer: implement new locking")
Signed-off-by: Tengda Wu 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

tracing: Limit access to parser->buffer when trace_get_user failed

2025-08-28T14:31:10+00:00

[ Upstream commit 6a909ea83f226803ea0e718f6e88613df9234d58 ]

When the length of the string written to set_ftrace_filter exceeds
FTRACE_BUFF_MAX, the following KASAN alarm will be triggered:

BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in strsep+0x18c/0x1b0
Read of size 1 at addr ffff0000d00bd5ba by task ash/165

CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 165 Comm: ash Not tainted 6.16.0-g6bcdbd62bd56-dirty
Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
Call trace:
 show_stack+0x34/0x50 (C)
 dump_stack_lvl+0xa0/0x158
 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x88/0x398
 print_report+0xb0/0x280
 kasan_report+0xa4/0xf0
 __asan_report_load1_noabort+0x20/0x30
 strsep+0x18c/0x1b0
 ftrace_process_regex.isra.0+0x100/0x2d8
 ftrace_regex_release+0x484/0x618
 __fput+0x364/0xa58
 ____fput+0x28/0x40
 task_work_run+0x154/0x278
 do_notify_resume+0x1f0/0x220
 el0_svc+0xec/0xf0
 el0t_64_sync_handler+0xa0/0xe8
 el0t_64_sync+0x1ac/0x1b0

The reason is that trace_get_user will fail when processing a string
longer than FTRACE_BUFF_MAX, but not set the end of parser->buffer to 0.
Then an OOB access will be triggered in ftrace_regex_release->
ftrace_process_regex->strsep->strpbrk. We can solve this problem by
limiting access to parser->buffer when trace_get_user failed.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20250813040232.1344527-1-pulehui@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: 8c9af478c06b ("ftrace: Handle commands when closing set_ftrace_filter file")
Signed-off-by: Pu Lehui 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tracing: Remove unneeded goto out logic

2025-08-28T14:31:10+00:00

[ Upstream commit c89504a703fb779052213add0e8ed642f4a4f1c8 ]

Several places in the trace.c file there's a goto out where the out is
simply a return. There's no reason to jump to the out label if it's not
doing any more logic but simply returning from the function.

Replace the goto outs with a return and remove the out labels.

Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: Mark Rutland 
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Cc: Andrew Morton 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20250801203857.538726745@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Stable-dep-of: 6a909ea83f22 ("tracing: Limit access to parser->buffer when trace_get_user failed")
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman