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authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2017-05-01 20:51:12 -0700
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2017-05-01 20:51:12 -0700
commit16b76293c5c81e6345323d7aef41b26e8390f62d (patch)
treef2bfdff7e795865c3254cb0ad97ebc66a7c5d212 /arch
parent3dee9fb2a4ced89a13a4d4b72b0b7360b701e566 (diff)
parentda63b6b20077469bd6bd96e07991ce145fc4fbc4 (diff)
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Merge branch 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 boot updates from Ingo Molnar: "The biggest changes in this cycle were: - reworking of the e820 code: separate in-kernel and boot-ABI data structures and apply a whole range of cleanups to the kernel side. No change in functionality. - enable KASLR by default: it's used by all major distros and it's out of the experimental stage as well. - ... misc fixes and cleanups" * 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (63 commits) x86/KASLR: Fix kexec kernel boot crash when KASLR randomization fails x86/reboot: Turn off KVM when halting a CPU x86/boot: Fix BSS corruption/overwrite bug in early x86 kernel startup x86: Enable KASLR by default boot/param: Move next_arg() function to lib/cmdline.c for later reuse x86/boot: Fix Sparse warning by including required header file x86/boot/64: Rename start_cpu() x86/xen: Update e820 table handling to the new core x86 E820 code x86/boot: Fix pr_debug() API braindamage xen, x86/headers: Add <linux/device.h> dependency to <asm/xen/page.h> x86/boot/e820: Simplify e820__update_table() x86/boot/e820: Separate the E820 ABI structures from the in-kernel structures x86/boot/e820: Fix and clean up e820_type switch() statements x86/boot/e820: Rename the remaining E820 APIs to the e820__*() prefix x86/boot/e820: Remove unnecessary #include's x86/boot/e820: Rename e820_mark_nosave_regions() to e820__register_nosave_regions() x86/boot/e820: Rename e820_reserve_resources*() to e820__reserve_resources*() x86/boot/e820: Use bool in query APIs x86/boot/e820: Document e820__reserve_setup_data() x86/boot/e820: Clean up __e820__update_table() et al ...
Diffstat (limited to 'arch')
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/Kconfig6
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/boot/boot.h2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/boot/compressed/eboot.c44
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c17
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/boot/header.S1
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/boot/memory.c6
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/configs/x86_64_defconfig2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/acpi.h2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/e820.h73
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/e820/api.h50
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/e820/types.h104
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/gart.h4
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/mpspec.h4
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/pci_x86.h2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h3
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/xen/page.h1
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/bootparam.h18
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/acpi/boot.c5
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c10
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_noop.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/apic/probe_32.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_uv_x.c1
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/cpu/centaur.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/cleanup.c6
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/main.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/crash.c23
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/e820.c1054
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c4
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/head32.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/head64.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S10
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/kexec-bzimage64.c18
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/mpparse.c6
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/probe_roms.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/resource.c8
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/setup.c78
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/smp.c3
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/tboot.c16
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/x86_init.c4
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/lguest/boot.c8
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/lib/kaslr.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/amdtopology.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/init.c59
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/init_32.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/init_64.c26
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c3
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/kasan_init_64.c5
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/mmio-mod.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/numa.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/pat.c3
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/pgtable_32.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/mm/srat.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/pci/i386.c4
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/pci/mmconfig-shared.c22
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/pci/mmconfig_32.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/pci/mmconfig_64.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/pci/pcbios.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/platform/efi/efi.c19
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_64.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c8
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/power/hibernate_64.c16
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c27
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/xen/mmu.c2
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/xen/setup.c118
67 files changed, 1062 insertions, 885 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index 2a00902e657a..a05571937ad3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -1973,7 +1973,7 @@ config RELOCATABLE
config RANDOMIZE_BASE
bool "Randomize the address of the kernel image (KASLR)"
depends on RELOCATABLE
- default n
+ default y
---help---
In support of Kernel Address Space Layout Randomization (KASLR),
this randomizes the physical address at which the kernel image
@@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ config RANDOMIZE_BASE
theoretically possible, but the implementations are further
limited due to memory layouts.
- If unsure, say N.
+ If unsure, say Y.
# Relocation on x86 needs some additional build support
config X86_NEED_RELOCS
@@ -2052,7 +2052,7 @@ config RANDOMIZE_MEMORY
configuration have in average 30,000 different possible virtual
addresses for each memory section.
- If unsure, say N.
+ If unsure, say Y.
config RANDOMIZE_MEMORY_PHYSICAL_PADDING
hex "Physical memory mapping padding" if EXPERT
diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/boot.h b/arch/x86/boot/boot.h
index 9b42b6d1e902..ef5a9cc66fb8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/boot/boot.h
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/boot.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
#ifndef BOOT_BOOT_H
#define BOOT_BOOT_H
-#define STACK_SIZE 512 /* Minimum number of bytes for stack */
+#define STACK_SIZE 1024 /* Minimum number of bytes for stack */
#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/eboot.c b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/eboot.c
index 801c7a158e55..cbf4b87f55b9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/eboot.c
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/eboot.c
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@
#include <linux/efi.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
+
#include <asm/efi.h>
+#include <asm/e820/types.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/desc.h>
@@ -729,7 +731,7 @@ static void add_e820ext(struct boot_params *params,
unsigned long size;
e820ext->type = SETUP_E820_EXT;
- e820ext->len = nr_entries * sizeof(struct e820entry);
+ e820ext->len = nr_entries * sizeof(struct boot_e820_entry);
e820ext->next = 0;
data = (struct setup_data *)(unsigned long)params->hdr.setup_data;
@@ -746,9 +748,9 @@ static void add_e820ext(struct boot_params *params,
static efi_status_t setup_e820(struct boot_params *params,
struct setup_data *e820ext, u32 e820ext_size)
{
- struct e820entry *e820_map = &params->e820_map[0];
+ struct boot_e820_entry *entry = params->e820_table;
struct efi_info *efi = &params->efi_info;
- struct e820entry *prev = NULL;
+ struct boot_e820_entry *prev = NULL;
u32 nr_entries;
u32 nr_desc;
int i;
@@ -773,15 +775,15 @@ static efi_status_t setup_e820(struct boot_params *params,
case EFI_MEMORY_MAPPED_IO:
case EFI_MEMORY_MAPPED_IO_PORT_SPACE:
case EFI_PAL_CODE:
- e820_type = E820_RESERVED;
+ e820_type = E820_TYPE_RESERVED;
break;
case EFI_UNUSABLE_MEMORY:
- e820_type = E820_UNUSABLE;
+ e820_type = E820_TYPE_UNUSABLE;
break;
case EFI_ACPI_RECLAIM_MEMORY:
- e820_type = E820_ACPI;
+ e820_type = E820_TYPE_ACPI;
break;
case EFI_LOADER_CODE:
@@ -789,15 +791,15 @@ static efi_status_t setup_e820(struct boot_params *params,
case EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_CODE:
case EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_DATA:
case EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY:
- e820_type = E820_RAM;
+ e820_type = E820_TYPE_RAM;
break;
case EFI_ACPI_MEMORY_NVS:
- e820_type = E820_NVS;
+ e820_type = E820_TYPE_NVS;
break;
case EFI_PERSISTENT_MEMORY:
- e820_type = E820_PMEM;
+ e820_type = E820_TYPE_PMEM;
break;
default:
@@ -811,26 +813,26 @@ static efi_status_t setup_e820(struct boot_params *params,
continue;
}
- if (nr_entries == ARRAY_SIZE(params->e820_map)) {
- u32 need = (nr_desc - i) * sizeof(struct e820entry) +
+ if (nr_entries == ARRAY_SIZE(params->e820_table)) {
+ u32 need = (nr_desc - i) * sizeof(struct e820_entry) +
sizeof(struct setup_data);
if (!e820ext || e820ext_size < need)
return EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
/* boot_params map full, switch to e820 extended */
- e820_map = (struct e820entry *)e820ext->data;
+ entry = (struct boot_e820_entry *)e820ext->data;
}
- e820_map->addr = d->phys_addr;
- e820_map->size = d->num_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
- e820_map->type = e820_type;
- prev = e820_map++;
+ entry->addr = d->phys_addr;
+ entry->size = d->num_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ entry->type = e820_type;
+ prev = entry++;
nr_entries++;
}
- if (nr_entries > ARRAY_SIZE(params->e820_map)) {
- u32 nr_e820ext = nr_entries - ARRAY_SIZE(params->e820_map);
+ if (nr_entries > ARRAY_SIZE(params->e820_table)) {
+ u32 nr_e820ext = nr_entries - ARRAY_SIZE(params->e820_table);
add_e820ext(params, e820ext, nr_e820ext);
nr_entries -= nr_e820ext;
@@ -848,7 +850,7 @@ static efi_status_t alloc_e820ext(u32 nr_desc, struct setup_data **e820ext,
unsigned long size;
size = sizeof(struct setup_data) +
- sizeof(struct e820entry) * nr_desc;
+ sizeof(struct e820_entry) * nr_desc;
if (*e820ext) {
efi_call_early(free_pool, *e820ext);
@@ -884,9 +886,9 @@ static efi_status_t exit_boot_func(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
if (first) {
nr_desc = *map->buff_size / *map->desc_size;
- if (nr_desc > ARRAY_SIZE(p->boot_params->e820_map)) {
+ if (nr_desc > ARRAY_SIZE(p->boot_params->e820_table)) {
u32 nr_e820ext = nr_desc -
- ARRAY_SIZE(p->boot_params->e820_map);
+ ARRAY_SIZE(p->boot_params->e820_table);
status = alloc_e820ext(nr_e820ext, &p->e820ext,
&p->e820ext_size);
diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c
index 8b7c9e75edcb..54c24f0a43d3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static unsigned long slots_fetch_random(void)
return 0;
}
-static void process_e820_entry(struct e820entry *entry,
+static void process_e820_entry(struct boot_e820_entry *entry,
unsigned long minimum,
unsigned long image_size)
{
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ static void process_e820_entry(struct e820entry *entry,
unsigned long start_orig;
/* Skip non-RAM entries. */
- if (entry->type != E820_RAM)
+ if (entry->type != E820_TYPE_RAM)
return;
/* On 32-bit, ignore entries entirely above our maximum. */
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ static unsigned long find_random_phys_addr(unsigned long minimum,
/* Verify potential e820 positions, appending to slots list. */
for (i = 0; i < boot_params->e820_entries; i++) {
- process_e820_entry(&boot_params->e820_map[i], minimum,
+ process_e820_entry(&boot_params->e820_table[i], minimum,
image_size);
if (slot_area_index == MAX_SLOT_AREA) {
debug_putstr("Aborted e820 scan (slot_areas full)!\n");
@@ -597,10 +597,17 @@ void choose_random_location(unsigned long input,
add_identity_map(random_addr, output_size);
*output = random_addr;
}
+
+ /*
+ * This loads the identity mapping page table.
+ * This should only be done if a new physical address
+ * is found for the kernel, otherwise we should keep
+ * the old page table to make it be like the "nokaslr"
+ * case.
+ */
+ finalize_identity_maps();
}
- /* This actually loads the identity pagetable on x86_64. */
- finalize_identity_maps();
/* Pick random virtual address starting from LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR. */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64))
diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/header.S b/arch/x86/boot/header.S
index 3dd5be33aaa7..2ed8f0c25def 100644
--- a/arch/x86/boot/header.S
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/header.S
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
#include <asm/segment.h>
#include <generated/utsrelease.h>
#include <asm/boot.h>
-#include <asm/e820.h>
#include <asm/page_types.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/bootparam.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/memory.c b/arch/x86/boot/memory.c
index db75d07c3645..d9c28c87e477 100644
--- a/arch/x86/boot/memory.c
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/memory.c
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ static int detect_memory_e820(void)
{
int count = 0;
struct biosregs ireg, oreg;
- struct e820entry *desc = boot_params.e820_map;
- static struct e820entry buf; /* static so it is zeroed */
+ struct boot_e820_entry *desc = boot_params.e820_table;
+ static struct boot_e820_entry buf; /* static so it is zeroed */
initregs(&ireg);
ireg.ax = 0xe820;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static int detect_memory_e820(void)
*desc++ = buf;
count++;
- } while (ireg.ebx && count < ARRAY_SIZE(boot_params.e820_map));
+ } while (ireg.ebx && count < ARRAY_SIZE(boot_params.e820_table));
return boot_params.e820_entries = count;
}
diff --git a/arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig b/arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig
index 5fa6ee2c2dde..6cf79e1a6830 100644
--- a/arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig
@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ CONFIG_EFI=y
CONFIG_HZ_1000=y
CONFIG_KEXEC=y
CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
+CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE=y
+CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY=y
# CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO is not set
CONFIG_HIBERNATION=y
CONFIG_PM_DEBUG=y
diff --git a/arch/x86/configs/x86_64_defconfig b/arch/x86/configs/x86_64_defconfig
index 6205d3b81e6d..de45f57b410d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/configs/x86_64_defconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/configs/x86_64_defconfig
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ CONFIG_EFI=y
CONFIG_HZ_1000=y
CONFIG_KEXEC=y
CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
+CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE=y
+CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY=y
# CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO is not set
CONFIG_HIBERNATION=y
CONFIG_PM_DEBUG=y
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/acpi.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/acpi.h
index 395b69551fce..2efc768e4362 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/acpi.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/acpi.h
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ extern u8 acpi_sci_flags;
extern int acpi_sci_override_gsi;
void acpi_pic_sci_set_trigger(unsigned int, u16);
+struct device;
+
extern int (*__acpi_register_gsi)(struct device *dev, u32 gsi,
int trigger, int polarity);
extern void (*__acpi_unregister_gsi)(u32 gsi);
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/e820.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/e820.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 67313f3a9874..000000000000
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/e820.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef _ASM_X86_E820_H
-#define _ASM_X86_E820_H
-
-/*
- * E820_X_MAX is the maximum size of the extended E820 table. The extended
- * table may contain up to 3 extra E820 entries per possible NUMA node, so we
- * make room for 3 * MAX_NUMNODES possible entries, beyond the standard 128.
- * Also note that E820_X_MAX *must* be defined before we include uapi/asm/e820.h.
- */
-#include <linux/numa.h>
-#define E820_X_MAX (E820MAX + 3 * MAX_NUMNODES)
-
-#include <uapi/asm/e820.h>
-
-#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
-/* see comment in arch/x86/kernel/e820.c */
-extern struct e820map *e820;
-extern struct e820map *e820_saved;
-
-extern unsigned long pci_mem_start;
-extern int e820_any_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type);
-extern int e820_all_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type);
-extern void e820_add_region(u64 start, u64 size, int type);
-extern void e820_print_map(char *who);
-extern int
-sanitize_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int max_nr_map, u32 *pnr_map);
-extern u64 e820_update_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
- unsigned new_type);
-extern u64 e820_remove_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
- int checktype);
-extern void update_e820(void);
-extern void e820_setup_gap(void);
-struct setup_data;
-extern void parse_e820_ext(u64 phys_addr, u32 data_len);
-
-#if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || \
- (defined(CONFIG_X86_32) && defined(CONFIG_HIBERNATION))
-extern void e820_mark_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn);
-#else
-static inline void e820_mark_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn)
-{
-}
-#endif
-
-extern unsigned long e820_end_of_ram_pfn(void);
-extern unsigned long e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn(void);
-extern u64 early_reserve_e820(u64 sizet, u64 align);
-
-void memblock_x86_fill(void);
-void memblock_find_dma_reserve(void);
-
-extern void finish_e820_parsing(void);
-extern void e820_reserve_resources(void);
-extern void e820_reserve_resources_late(void);
-extern void setup_memory_map(void);
-extern char *default_machine_specific_memory_setup(void);
-
-extern void e820_reallocate_tables(void);
-
-/*
- * Returns true iff the specified range [s,e) is completely contained inside
- * the ISA region.
- */
-static inline bool is_ISA_range(u64 s, u64 e)
-{
- return s >= ISA_START_ADDRESS && e <= ISA_END_ADDRESS;
-}
-
-#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
-#include <linux/ioport.h>
-
-#define HIGH_MEMORY (1024*1024)
-#endif /* _ASM_X86_E820_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/e820/api.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/e820/api.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8e0f8b85b209
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/e820/api.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#ifndef _ASM_E820_API_H
+#define _ASM_E820_API_H
+
+#include <asm/e820/types.h>
+
+extern struct e820_table *e820_table;
+extern struct e820_table *e820_table_firmware;
+
+extern unsigned long pci_mem_start;
+
+extern bool e820__mapped_any(u64 start, u64 end, enum e820_type type);
+extern bool e820__mapped_all(u64 start, u64 end, enum e820_type type);
+
+extern void e820__range_add (u64 start, u64 size, enum e820_type type);
+extern u64 e820__range_update(u64 start, u64 size, enum e820_type old_type, enum e820_type new_type);
+extern u64 e820__range_remove(u64 start, u64 size, enum e820_type old_type, bool check_type);
+
+extern void e820__print_table(char *who);
+extern int e820__update_table(struct e820_table *table);
+extern void e820__update_table_print(void);
+
+extern unsigned long e820__end_of_ram_pfn(void);
+extern unsigned long e820__end_of_low_ram_pfn(void);
+
+extern u64 e820__memblock_alloc_reserved(u64 size, u64 align);
+extern void e820__memblock_setup(void);
+
+extern void e820__reserve_setup_data(void);
+extern void e820__finish_early_params(void);
+extern void e820__reserve_resources(void);
+extern void e820__reserve_resources_late(void);
+
+extern void e820__memory_setup(void);
+extern void e820__memory_setup_extended(u64 phys_addr, u32 data_len);
+extern char *e820__memory_setup_default(void);
+extern void e820__setup_pci_gap(void);
+
+extern void e820__reallocate_tables(void);
+extern void e820__register_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn);
+
+/*
+ * Returns true iff the specified range [start,end) is completely contained inside
+ * the ISA region.
+ */
+static inline bool is_ISA_range(u64 start, u64 end)
+{
+ return start >= ISA_START_ADDRESS && end <= ISA_END_ADDRESS;
+}
+
+#endif /* _ASM_E820_API_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/e820/types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/e820/types.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4adeed03a9a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/e820/types.h
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#ifndef _ASM_E820_TYPES_H
+#define _ASM_E820_TYPES_H
+
+#include <uapi/asm/bootparam.h>
+
+/*
+ * These are the E820 types known to the kernel:
+ */
+enum e820_type {
+ E820_TYPE_RAM = 1,
+ E820_TYPE_RESERVED = 2,
+ E820_TYPE_ACPI = 3,
+ E820_TYPE_NVS = 4,
+ E820_TYPE_UNUSABLE = 5,
+ E820_TYPE_PMEM = 7,
+
+ /*
+ * This is a non-standardized way to represent ADR or
+ * NVDIMM regions that persist over a reboot.
+ *
+ * The kernel will ignore their special capabilities
+ * unless the CONFIG_X86_PMEM_LEGACY=y option is set.
+ *
+ * ( Note that older platforms also used 6 for the same
+ * type of memory, but newer versions switched to 12 as
+ * 6 was assigned differently. Some time they will learn... )
+ */
+ E820_TYPE_PRAM = 12,
+
+ /*
+ * Reserved RAM used by the kernel itself if
+ * CONFIG_INTEL_TXT=y is enabled, memory of this type
+ * will be included in the S3 integrity calculation
+ * and so should not include any memory that the BIOS
+ * might alter over the S3 transition:
+ */
+ E820_TYPE_RESERVED_KERN = 128,
+};
+
+/*
+ * A single E820 map entry, describing a memory range of [addr...addr+size-1],
+ * of 'type' memory type:
+ *
+ * (We pack it because there can be thousands of them on large sys