path: root/kernel/kprobes.c

/*
 *  Kernel Probes (KProbes)
 *  kernel/kprobes.c
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 *
 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004
 *
 * 2002-Oct	Created by Vamsi Krishna S <vamsi_krishna@in.ibm.com> Kernel
 *		Probes initial implementation (includes suggestions from
 *		Rusty Russell).
 * 2004-Aug	Updated by Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com> with
 *		hlists and exceptions notifier as suggested by Andi Kleen.
 * 2004-July	Suparna Bhattacharya <suparna@in.ibm.com> added jumper probes
 *		interface to access function arguments.
 * 2004-Sep	Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com> Changed Kprobes
 *		exceptions notifier to be first on the priority list.
 * 2005-May	Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>, Jim Keniston
 *		<jkenisto@us.ibm.com> and Prasanna S Panchamukhi
 *		<prasanna@in.ibm.com> added function-return probes.
 */
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/hash.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/stddef.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleloader.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/freezer.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/memory.h>

#include <asm-generic/sections.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include <asm/errno.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#define KPROBE_HASH_BITS 6
#define KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE (1 << KPROBE_HASH_BITS)


/*
 * Some oddball architectures like 64bit powerpc have function descriptors
 * so this must be overridable.
 */
#ifndef kprobe_lookup_name
#define kprobe_lookup_name(name, addr) \
	addr = ((kprobe_opcode_t *)(kallsyms_lookup_name(name)))
#endif

static int kprobes_initialized;
static struct hlist_head kprobe_table[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE];
static struct hlist_head kretprobe_inst_table[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE];

/* NOTE: change this value only with kprobe_mutex held */
static bool kprobes_all_disarmed;

static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_mutex);	/* Protects kprobe_table */
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, kprobe_instance) = NULL;
static struct {
	spinlock_t lock ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
} kretprobe_table_locks[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE];

static spinlock_t *kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(unsigned long hash)
{
	return &(kretprobe_table_locks[hash].lock);
}

/*
 * Normally, functions that we'd want to prohibit kprobes in, are marked
 * __kprobes. But, there are cases where such functions already belong to
 * a different section (__sched for preempt_schedule)
 *
 * For such cases, we now have a blacklist
 */
static struct kprobe_blackpoint kprobe_blacklist[] = {
	{"preempt_schedule",},
	{NULL}    /* Terminator */
};

#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_KPROBES_INSN_SLOT
/*
 * kprobe->ainsn.insn points to the copy of the instruction to be
 * single-stepped. x86_64, POWER4 and above have no-exec support and
 * stepping on the instruction on a vmalloced/kmalloced/data page
 * is a recipe for disaster
 */
#define INSNS_PER_PAGE	(PAGE_SIZE/(MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)))

struct kprobe_insn_page {
	struct list_head list;
	kprobe_opcode_t *insns;		/* Page of instruction slots */
	char slot_used[INSNS_PER_PAGE];
	int nused;
	int ngarbage;
};

enum kprobe_slot_state {
	SLOT_CLEAN = 0,
	SLOT_DIRTY = 1,
	SLOT_USED = 2,
};

static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_insn_mutex);	/* Protects kprobe_insn_pages */
static LIST_HEAD(kprobe_insn_pages);
static int kprobe_garbage_slots;
static int collect_garbage_slots(void);

static int __kprobes check_safety(void)
{
	int ret = 0;
#if defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT) && defined(CONFIG_FREEZER)
	ret = freeze_processes();
	if (ret == 0) {
		struct task_struct *p, *q;
		do_each_thread(p, q) {
			if (p != current && p->state == TASK_RUNNING &&
			    p->pid != 0) {
				printk("Check failed: %s is running\n",p->comm);
				ret = -1;
				goto loop_end;
			}
		} while_each_thread(p, q);
	}
loop_end:
	thaw_processes();
#else
	synchronize_sched();
#endif
	return ret;
}

/**
 * __get_insn_slot() - Find a slot on an executable page for an instruction.
 * We allocate an executable page if there's no room on existing ones.
 */
static kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *__get_insn_slot(void)
{
	struct kprobe_insn_page *kip;

 retry:
	list_for_each_entry(kip, &kprobe_insn_pages, list) {
		if (kip->nused < INSNS_PER_PAGE) {
			int i;
			for (i = 0; i < INSNS_PER_PAGE; i++) {
				if (kip->slot_used[i] == SLOT_CLEAN) {
					kip->slot_used[i] = SLOT_USED;
					kip->nused++;
					return kip->insns + (i * MAX_INSN_SIZE);
				}
			}
			/* Surprise!  No unused slots.  Fix kip->nused. */
			kip->nused = INSNS_PER_PAGE;
		}
	}

	/* If there are any garbage slots, collect it and try again. */
	if (kprobe_garbage_slots && collect_garbage_slots() == 0) {
		goto retry;
	}
	/* All out of space.  Need to allocate a new page. Use slot 0. */
	kip = kmalloc(sizeof(struct kprobe_insn_page), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!kip)
		return NULL;

	/*
	 * Use module_alloc so this page is within +/- 2GB of where the
	 * kernel image and loaded module images reside. This is required
	 * so x86_64 can correctly handle the %rip-relative fixups.
	 */
	kip->insns = module_alloc(PAGE_SIZE);
	if (!kip->insns) {
		kfree(kip);
		return NULL;
	}
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kip->list);
	list_add(&kip->list, &kprobe_insn_pages);
	memset(kip->slot_used, SLOT_CLEAN, INSNS_PER_PAGE);
	kip->slot_used[0] = SLOT_USED;
	kip->nused = 1;
	kip->ngarbage = 0;
	return kip->insns;
}

kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *get_insn_slot(void)
{
	kprobe_opcode_t *ret;
	mutex_lock(&kprobe_insn_mutex);
	ret = __get_insn_slot();
	mutex_unlock(&kprobe_insn_mutex);
	return ret;
}

/* Return 1 if all garbages are collected, otherwise 0. */
static int __kprobes collect_one_slot(struct kprobe_insn_page *kip, int idx)
{
	kip->slot_used[idx] = SLOT_CLEAN;
	kip->nused--;
	if (kip->nused == 0) {
		/*
		 * Page is no longer in use.  Free it unless
		 * it's the last one.  We keep the last one
		 * so as not to have to set it up again the
		 * next time somebody inserts a probe.
		 *